Hardening and tempering of fasteners

Today's high quality requirements together with economic constraints have let the development of fasteners' furnace technology to continuous plants for massproduction with belt-type furnaces resulting as the dominant design. The article describes in general the process of hardening and tempering and the plant technology commonly employed in modern fastener industry. Emphasize is put on precise process monitoring of the mass bulk flow with regard to the uniform final properties like tensile strength and toughness of the single fastener.